Articles | Volume 45, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-699-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-699-2026
Research article
 | 
08 Oct 2026
Research article |  | 08 Oct 2026

Biological pump variations in the northeastern Indian Ocean since the last glaciation: evidence from coccolithophores

Nilufar Yasmin Liza, Xiang Su, Chuanxiu Luo, Lanlan Zhang, Sui Wan, and Rong Xiang

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Short summary
The biological pump is a key part of Earth's carbon cycle. It moves carbon from the air into the deep ocean by carrying organic matter from the sea surface down to the seafloor. By analyzing coccoliths from the sediment core in the northeastern Indian Ocean, we discovered that biological pump was weakest during the last ice age but strengthened significantly as the climate warmed. We found that freshwater from monsoon rains is the primary factor controlling primary productivity in this region.
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