Articles | Volume 42, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-57-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-57-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
17 Jul 2023
Research article |
| 17 Jul 2023
| 17 Jul 2023
Globigerinoides rublobatus – a new species of Pleistocene planktonic foraminifera
Marcin Latas
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E
6BT, UK
Paul N. Pearson
Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E
6BT, UK
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10
3AT, UK
Christopher R. Poole
Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E
6BT, UK
Alessio Fabbrini
Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E
6BT, UK
Department of Geography, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33,
Ireland
Bridget S. Wade
Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E
6BT, UK
Related authors
No articles found.
Alessio Fabbrini, Maria Rose Petrizzo, Isabella Premoli Silva, Luca M. Foresi, and Bridget S. Wade
J. Micropalaeontol., 43, 121–138, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-43-121-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-43-121-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We report on the rediscovery of Globigerina bollii, a planktonic foraminifer described by Cita and Premoli Silva (1960) in the Mediterranean Basin. We redescribe G. bollii as a valid species belonging to the genus Globoturborotalita. We report and summarise all the recordings of the taxon in the scientific literature. Then we discuss how the taxon might be a palaeogeographical indicator of the intermittent gateways between the Mediterranean Sea, Paratethys, and Indian Ocean.
Paul N. Pearson, Jeremy Young, David J. King, and Bridget S. Wade
J. Micropalaeontol., 42, 211–255, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-211-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-211-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Planktonic foraminifera are marine plankton that have a long and continuous fossil record. They are used for correlating and dating ocean sediments and studying evolution and past climates. This paper presents new information about Pulleniatina, one of the most widespread and abundant groups, from an important site in the Pacific Ocean. It also brings together a very large amount of information on the fossil record from other sites globally.
Paul N. Pearson, Eleanor John, Bridget S. Wade, Simon D'haenens, and Caroline H. Lear
J. Micropalaeontol., 41, 107–127, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-107-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-107-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The microscopic shells of planktonic foraminifera accumulate on the sea floor over millions of years, providing a rich archive for understanding the history of the oceans. We examined an extinct group that flourished between about 63 and 32 million years ago using scanning electron microscopy and show that they were covered with needle-like spines in life. This has implications for analytical methods that we use to determine past seawater temperature and acidity.
Flavia Boscolo-Galazzo, Amy Jones, Tom Dunkley Jones, Katherine A. Crichton, Bridget S. Wade, and Paul N. Pearson
Biogeosciences, 19, 743–762, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-743-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-743-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Deep-living organisms are a major yet poorly known component of ocean biomass. Here we reconstruct the evolution of deep-living zooplankton and phytoplankton. Deep-dwelling zooplankton and phytoplankton did not occur 15 Myr ago, when the ocean was several degrees warmer than today. Deep-dwelling species first evolve around 7.5 Myr ago, following global climate cooling. Their evolution was driven by colder ocean temperatures allowing more food, oxygen, and light at depth.
Katherine A. Crichton, Andy Ridgwell, Daniel J. Lunt, Alex Farnsworth, and Paul N. Pearson
Clim. Past, 17, 2223–2254, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2223-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2223-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The middle Miocene (15 Ma) was a period of global warmth up to 8 °C warmer than present. We investigate changes in ocean circulation and heat distribution since the middle Miocene and the cooling to the present using the cGENIE Earth system model. We create seven time slices at ~2.5 Myr intervals, constrained with paleo-proxy data, showing a progressive reduction in atmospheric CO2 and a strengthening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.
Jakub Witkowski, Karolina Bryłka, Steven M. Bohaty, Elżbieta Mydłowska, Donald E. Penman, and Bridget S. Wade
Clim. Past, 17, 1937–1954, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1937-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1937-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstruct the history of biogenic opal accumulation through the early to middle Paleogene in the western North Atlantic. Biogenic opal accumulation was controlled by deepwater temperatures, atmospheric greenhouse gas levels, and continental weathering intensity. Overturning circulation in the Atlantic was established at the end of the extreme early Eocene greenhouse warmth period. We also show that the strength of the link between climate and continental weathering varies through time.
Bridget S. Wade, Mohammed H. Aljahdali, Yahya A. Mufrreh, Abdullah M. Memesh, Salih A. AlSoubhi, and Iyad S. Zalmout
J. Micropalaeontol., 40, 145–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-40-145-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-40-145-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We examined the planktonic foraminifera (calcareous zooplankton) from a section in northern Saudi Arabia. We found the assemblages to be diverse, well-preserved and of late Eocene age. Our study provides new insights into the stratigraphic ranges of many species and indicates that the late Eocene had a higher tropical/subtropical diversity of planktonic foraminifera than previously reported.
David K. Hutchinson, Helen K. Coxall, Daniel J. Lunt, Margret Steinthorsdottir, Agatha M. de Boer, Michiel Baatsen, Anna von der Heydt, Matthew Huber, Alan T. Kennedy-Asser, Lutz Kunzmann, Jean-Baptiste Ladant, Caroline H. Lear, Karolin Moraweck, Paul N. Pearson, Emanuela Piga, Matthew J. Pound, Ulrich Salzmann, Howie D. Scher, Willem P. Sijp, Kasia K. Śliwińska, Paul A. Wilson, and Zhongshi Zhang
Clim. Past, 17, 269–315, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-269-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-269-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The Eocene–Oligocene transition was a major climate cooling event from a largely ice-free world to the first major glaciation of Antarctica, approximately 34 million years ago. This paper reviews observed changes in temperature, CO2 and ice sheets from marine and land-based records at this time. We present a new model–data comparison of this transition and find that CO2-forced cooling provides the best explanation of the observed global temperature changes.
Katherine A. Crichton, Jamie D. Wilson, Andy Ridgwell, and Paul N. Pearson
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 125–149, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-125-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-125-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Temperature is a controller of metabolic processes and therefore also a controller of the ocean's biological carbon pump (BCP). We calibrate a temperature-dependent version of the BCP in the cGENIE Earth system model. Since the pre-industrial period, warming has intensified near-surface nutrient recycling, supporting production and largely offsetting stratification-induced surface nutrient limitation. But at the same time less carbon that sinks out of the surface then reaches the deep ocean.
Kirsty M. Edgar, Steven M. Bohaty, Helen K. Coxall, Paul R. Bown, Sietske J. Batenburg, Caroline H. Lear, and Paul N. Pearson
J. Micropalaeontol., 39, 117–138, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-117-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-117-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We identify the first continuous carbonate-bearing sediment record from the tropical ocean that spans the entirety of the global warming event, the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum, ca. 40 Ma. We determine significant mismatches between middle Eocene calcareous microfossil datums from the tropical Pacific Ocean and established low-latitude zonation schemes. We highlight the potential of ODP Site 865 for future investigations into environmental and biotic changes throughout the early Paleogene.
Christopher J. Hollis, Tom Dunkley Jones, Eleni Anagnostou, Peter K. Bijl, Margot J. Cramwinckel, Ying Cui, Gerald R. Dickens, Kirsty M. Edgar, Yvette Eley, David Evans, Gavin L. Foster, Joost Frieling, Gordon N. Inglis, Elizabeth M. Kennedy, Reinhard Kozdon, Vittoria Lauretano, Caroline H. Lear, Kate Littler, Lucas Lourens, A. Nele Meckler, B. David A. Naafs, Heiko Pälike, Richard D. Pancost, Paul N. Pearson, Ursula Röhl, Dana L. Royer, Ulrich Salzmann, Brian A. Schubert, Hannu Seebeck, Appy Sluijs, Robert P. Speijer, Peter Stassen, Jessica Tierney, Aradhna Tripati, Bridget Wade, Thomas Westerhold, Caitlyn Witkowski, James C. Zachos, Yi Ge Zhang, Matthew Huber, and Daniel J. Lunt
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 3149–3206, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3149-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3149-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The Deep-Time Model Intercomparison Project (DeepMIP) is a model–data intercomparison of the early Eocene (around 55 million years ago), the last time that Earth's atmospheric CO2 concentrations exceeded 1000 ppm. Previously, we outlined the experimental design for climate model simulations. Here, we outline the methods used for compilation and analysis of climate proxy data. The resulting climate
atlaswill provide insights into the mechanisms that control past warm climate states.
Isabel S. Fenton, Ulrike Baranowski, Flavia Boscolo-Galazzo, Hannah Cheales, Lyndsey Fox, David J. King, Christina Larkin, Marcin Latas, Diederik Liebrand, C. Giles Miller, Katrina Nilsson-Kerr, Emanuela Piga, Hazel Pugh, Serginio Remmelzwaal, Zoe A. Roseby, Yvonne M. Smith, Stephen Stukins, Ben Taylor, Adam Woodhouse, Savannah Worne, Paul N. Pearson, Christopher R. Poole, Bridget S. Wade, and Andy Purvis
J. Micropalaeontol., 37, 431–443, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-431-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-431-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we investigate consistency in species-level identifications and whether disagreements are predictable. Twenty-three scientists identified a set of 100 planktonic foraminifera, noting their confidence in each identification. The median accuracy of students was 57 %; 79 % for experienced researchers. Where they were confident in the identifications, the values are 75 % and 93 %, respectively. Accuracy was significantly higher if the students had been taught how to identify species.
Helen M. Beddow, Diederik Liebrand, Douglas S. Wilson, Frits J. Hilgen, Appy Sluijs, Bridget S. Wade, and Lucas J. Lourens
Clim. Past, 14, 255–270, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-255-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-255-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present two astronomy-based timescales for climate records from the Pacific Ocean. These records range from 24 to 22 million years ago, a time period when Earth was warmer than today and the only land ice was located on Antarctica. We use tectonic plate-pair spreading rates to test the two timescales, which shows that the carbonate record yields the best timescale. In turn, this implies that Earth’s climate system and carbon cycle responded slowly to changes in incoming solar radiation.
Paul N. Pearson and IODP Expedition 363 Shipboard Scientific
Party
J. Micropalaeontol., 37, 97–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-97-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-97-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We describe an unusual millimetre-long tube that was discovered in sediment from the deep sea floor. The tube was made by a single-celled organism by cementing together sedimentary grains from its environment. The specimen is unusual because it implies that the organism used a very high degree of discrimination in selecting its grains, as they are all of one type and most are oriented the same way. It raises intriguing questions of how the organism accomplished this activity.
Daniel J. Lunt, Matthew Huber, Eleni Anagnostou, Michiel L. J. Baatsen, Rodrigo Caballero, Rob DeConto, Henk A. Dijkstra, Yannick Donnadieu, David Evans, Ran Feng, Gavin L. Foster, Ed Gasson, Anna S. von der Heydt, Chris J. Hollis, Gordon N. Inglis, Stephen M. Jones, Jeff Kiehl, Sandy Kirtland Turner, Robert L. Korty, Reinhardt Kozdon, Srinath Krishnan, Jean-Baptiste Ladant, Petra Langebroek, Caroline H. Lear, Allegra N. LeGrande, Kate Littler, Paul Markwick, Bette Otto-Bliesner, Paul Pearson, Christopher J. Poulsen, Ulrich Salzmann, Christine Shields, Kathryn Snell, Michael Stärz, James Super, Clay Tabor, Jessica E. Tierney, Gregory J. L. Tourte, Aradhna Tripati, Garland R. Upchurch, Bridget S. Wade, Scott L. Wing, Arne M. E. Winguth, Nicky M. Wright, James C. Zachos, and Richard E. Zeebe
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 889–901, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-889-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-889-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper we describe the experimental design for a set of simulations which will be carried out by a range of climate models, all investigating the climate of the Eocene, about 50 million years ago. The intercomparison of model results is called 'DeepMIP', and we anticipate that we will contribute to the next IPCC report through an analysis of these simulations and the geological data to which we will compare them.
David Evans, Bridget S. Wade, Michael Henehan, Jonathan Erez, and Wolfgang Müller
Clim. Past, 12, 819–835, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-819-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-819-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We show that seawater pH exerts a substantial control on planktic foraminifera Mg / Ca, a widely applied palaeothermometer. As a result, temperature reconstructions based on this proxy are likely inaccurate over climatic events associated with a significant change in pH. We examine the implications of our findings for hydrological and temperature shifts over the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum and for the degree of surface ocean precursor cooling before the Eocene-Oligocene transition.
P. N. Pearson and E. Thomas
Clim. Past, 11, 95–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-95-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-95-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The Paleocene-to-Eocene thermal maximum was a period of extreme global warming caused by perturbation to the global carbon cycle 56Mya. Evidence from marine sediment cores has been used to suggest that the onset of the event was very rapid, over just 11 years of annually resolved sedimentation. However, we argue that the supposed annual layers are an artifact caused by drilling disturbance, and that the microfossil content of the cores shows the onset took in the order of thousands of years.
Paul N. Pearson, Sam L. Evans, and James Evans
J. Micropalaeontol., 34, 59–64, https://doi.org/10.1144/jmpaleo2013-032, https://doi.org/10.1144/jmpaleo2013-032, 2015
P. N. Pearson and W. Hudson
Sci. Dril., 18, 13–17, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-18-13-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-18-13-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Planktic foraminifera
Rediscovering Globigerina bollii Cita and Premoli Silva 1960
Biochronology and evolution of Pulleniatina (planktonic foraminifera)
Analysing planktonic foraminiferal growth in three dimensions with foram3D: an R package for automated trait measurements from CT scans
Spine-like structures in Paleogene muricate planktonic foraminifera
Taxonomic review of living planktonic foraminifera
Upper Eocene planktonic foraminifera from northern Saudi Arabia: implications for stratigraphic ranges
Jurassic planktic foraminifera from the Polish Basin
Automated analysis of foraminifera fossil records by image classification using a convolutional neural network
Middle Jurassic (Bajocian) planktonic foraminifera from the northwest Australian margin
Ontogenetic disparity in early planktic foraminifers
Seasonal and interannual variability in population dynamics of planktic foraminifers off Puerto Rico (Caribbean Sea)
Calcification depth of deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera from the eastern North Atlantic constrained by stable oxygen isotope ratios of shells from stratified plankton tows
Reproducibility of species recognition in modern planktonic foraminifera and its implications for analyses of community structure
Factors affecting consistency and accuracy in identifying modern macroperforate planktonic foraminifera
Alessio Fabbrini, Maria Rose Petrizzo, Isabella Premoli Silva, Luca M. Foresi, and Bridget S. Wade
J. Micropalaeontol., 43, 121–138, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-43-121-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-43-121-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We report on the rediscovery of Globigerina bollii, a planktonic foraminifer described by Cita and Premoli Silva (1960) in the Mediterranean Basin. We redescribe G. bollii as a valid species belonging to the genus Globoturborotalita. We report and summarise all the recordings of the taxon in the scientific literature. Then we discuss how the taxon might be a palaeogeographical indicator of the intermittent gateways between the Mediterranean Sea, Paratethys, and Indian Ocean.
Paul N. Pearson, Jeremy Young, David J. King, and Bridget S. Wade
J. Micropalaeontol., 42, 211–255, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-211-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-211-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Planktonic foraminifera are marine plankton that have a long and continuous fossil record. They are used for correlating and dating ocean sediments and studying evolution and past climates. This paper presents new information about Pulleniatina, one of the most widespread and abundant groups, from an important site in the Pacific Ocean. It also brings together a very large amount of information on the fossil record from other sites globally.
Anieke Brombacher, Alex Searle-Barnes, Wenshu Zhang, and Thomas H. G. Ezard
J. Micropalaeontol., 41, 149–164, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-149-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-149-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Foraminifera are sand-grain-sized marine organisms that build spiral shells. When they die, the shells sink to the sea floor where they are preserved for millions of years. We wrote a software package that automatically analyses the fossil spirals to learn about evolution of new shapes in the geological past. With this software we will be able to analyse larger datasets than we currently can, which will improve our understanding of the evolution of new species.
Paul N. Pearson, Eleanor John, Bridget S. Wade, Simon D'haenens, and Caroline H. Lear
J. Micropalaeontol., 41, 107–127, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-107-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-107-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The microscopic shells of planktonic foraminifera accumulate on the sea floor over millions of years, providing a rich archive for understanding the history of the oceans. We examined an extinct group that flourished between about 63 and 32 million years ago using scanning electron microscopy and show that they were covered with needle-like spines in life. This has implications for analytical methods that we use to determine past seawater temperature and acidity.
Geert-Jan A. Brummer and Michal Kučera
J. Micropalaeontol., 41, 29–74, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-29-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-29-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
To aid researchers working with living planktonic foraminifera, we provide a comprehensive review of names that we consider appropriate for extant species. We discuss the reasons for the decisions we made and provide a list of species and genus-level names as well as other names that have been used in the past but are considered inappropriate for living taxa, stating the reasons.
Bridget S. Wade, Mohammed H. Aljahdali, Yahya A. Mufrreh, Abdullah M. Memesh, Salih A. AlSoubhi, and Iyad S. Zalmout
J. Micropalaeontol., 40, 145–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-40-145-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-40-145-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We examined the planktonic foraminifera (calcareous zooplankton) from a section in northern Saudi Arabia. We found the assemblages to be diverse, well-preserved and of late Eocene age. Our study provides new insights into the stratigraphic ranges of many species and indicates that the late Eocene had a higher tropical/subtropical diversity of planktonic foraminifera than previously reported.
Maria Gajewska, Zofia Dubicka, and Malcolm B. Hart
J. Micropalaeontol., 40, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-40-1-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-40-1-2021, 2021
Ross Marchant, Martin Tetard, Adnya Pratiwi, Michael Adebayo, and Thibault de Garidel-Thoron
J. Micropalaeontol., 39, 183–202, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-183-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-183-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Foraminifera are marine microorganisms with a calcium carbonate shell. Their fossil remains build up on the seafloor, forming kilometres of sediment over time. From analysis of the foraminiferal record we can estimate past climate conditions and the geological history of the Earth. We have developed an artificial intelligence system for automatically identifying foraminifera species, replacing the time-consuming manual approach and thus helping to make these analyses more efficient and accurate.
Marjorie Apthorpe
J. Micropalaeontol., 39, 93–115, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-93-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-93-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Three well-preserved new species of Middle Jurassic (Bajocian) planktonic foraminifera from the continental margin of northwest Australia are described. This is on the southern shelf of the Tethys Ocean, and these planktonics are the first to be reported from the Jurassic Southern Hemisphere. Described as new are Globuligerina bathoniana australiana n. ssp., G. altissapertura n. sp. and Mermaidogerina loopae n. gen. n. sp. The research is part of a study of regional Jurassic foraminifera.
Sophie Kendall, Felix Gradstein, Christopher Jones, Oliver T. Lord, and Daniela N. Schmidt
J. Micropalaeontol., 39, 27–39, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-27-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-27-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Changes in morphology during development can have profound impacts on an organism but are hard to quantify as we lack preservation in the fossil record. As they grow by adding chambers, planktic foraminifera are an ideal group to study changes in growth in development. We analyse four different species of Jurassic foraminifers using a micro-CT scanner. The low morphological variability suggests that strong constraints, described in the modern ocean, were already acting on Jurassic specimens.
Anna Jentzen, Joachim Schönfeld, Agnes K. M. Weiner, Manuel F. G. Weinkauf, Dirk Nürnberg, and Michal Kučera
J. Micropalaeontol., 38, 231–247, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-38-231-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-38-231-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The study assessed the population dynamics of living planktic foraminifers on a weekly, seasonal, and interannual timescale off the coast of Puerto Rico to improve our understanding of short- and long-term variations. The results indicate a seasonal change of the faunal composition, and over the last decades. Lower standing stocks and lower stable carbon isotope values of foraminifers in shallow waters can be linked to the hurricane Sandy, which passed the Greater Antilles during autumn 2012.
Andreia Rebotim, Antje Helga Luise Voelker, Lukas Jonkers, Joanna J. Waniek, Michael Schulz, and Michal Kucera
J. Micropalaeontol., 38, 113–131, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-38-113-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-38-113-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To reconstruct subsurface water conditions using deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera, we must fully understand how the oxygen isotope signal incorporates into their shell. We report δ18O in four species sampled in the eastern North Atlantic with plankton tows. We assess the size and crust effect on the isotopic δ18O and compared them with predictions from two equations. We reveal different patterns of calcite addition with depth, highlighting the need to perform species-specific calibrations.
Nadia Al-Sabouni, Isabel S. Fenton, Richard J. Telford, and Michal Kučera
J. Micropalaeontol., 37, 519–534, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-519-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-519-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we investigate consistency in species-level identifications and whether disagreements are predictable. Overall, 21 researchers from across the globe identified sets of 300 specimens or digital images of planktonic foraminifera. Digital identifications tended to be more disparate. Participants trained by the same person often had more similar identifications. Disagreements hardly affected transfer-function temperature estimates but produced larger differences in diversity metrics.
Isabel S. Fenton, Ulrike Baranowski, Flavia Boscolo-Galazzo, Hannah Cheales, Lyndsey Fox, David J. King, Christina Larkin, Marcin Latas, Diederik Liebrand, C. Giles Miller, Katrina Nilsson-Kerr, Emanuela Piga, Hazel Pugh, Serginio Remmelzwaal, Zoe A. Roseby, Yvonne M. Smith, Stephen Stukins, Ben Taylor, Adam Woodhouse, Savannah Worne, Paul N. Pearson, Christopher R. Poole, Bridget S. Wade, and Andy Purvis
J. Micropalaeontol., 37, 431–443, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-431-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-431-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we investigate consistency in species-level identifications and whether disagreements are predictable. Twenty-three scientists identified a set of 100 planktonic foraminifera, noting their confidence in each identification. The median accuracy of students was 57 %; 79 % for experienced researchers. Where they were confident in the identifications, the values are 75 % and 93 %, respectively. Accuracy was significantly higher if the students had been taught how to identify species.
Cited articles
Aurahs, R., Grimm, G. W., Hemleben, V., Hemleben, C., and Kucera, M.:
Geographical distribution of cryptic genetic types in the planktonic
foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber, Mol. Ecol., 18, 1692–1706, 2009.
Aurahs, R., Treis, Y., Darling, K., and Kucera, M.: A revised taxonomic and
phylogenetic concept for the planktonic foraminifer species Globigerinoides ruber based on molecular and morphometric evidence, Mar. Micropaleontol., 79, 1–14, 2011.
Bé, A. W. H. and Hamlin, W. H: Ecology of recent planktonic foraminifera:
Part 3 Distribution in the North Atlantic during the Summer of 1962,
Micropaleontology, 13, 87–106, https://doi.org/10.2307/1484808, 1967.
Beiersdorf, H., Bickert, T., Cepek, P., Fenner, J., Petersen, N.,
Schönfeld, J., Weiss, W., and Won, M.-Z.: High-resolution stratigraphy and
the response of biota to Late Cenozoic environmental changes in the central
equatorial Pacific Ocean (Manihiki Plateau), Mar. Geol., 125,
29–59, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(95)00021-P, 1995.
Berggren, W. A., Kent, D. V., Swisher III, C. C., and Aubry, M.-P.: A revised
Cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy, in: Geochronology, Time
Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, edited by: Berggren, W. A.,
Kent, D. V., Aubry, M.-P., and Hardenbol, J., SEPM (Society for Sedimentary
Geology) Special Publication., 54, 129–212,
https://doi.org/10.2110/pec.95.04.0129, 1995.
Bhattacharjee, D., Sharma, C., and Bhadury, P.: Chromotypes of
Globigerinoides ruber in surface sediments from the north-western coast of
the Bay of Bengal, Mar. Biodivers. Rec., 6, 1–5,
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755267213001097, 2013.
Brady, H. B.: Memoirs: Notes on some of the Reticularian Rhizopoda of the
“Challenger” Expedition II – Additions to the knowledge of Porcellanous and
Hyaline types, Q. J. Microsc. Sci., 19, 261–299, 1879.
Brombacher, A., Wilson, P. A., and Ezard, T. H. G.: Calibration of the
repeatability of foraminiferal test size and shape measures with
recommendations for future use, Mar. Micropaleontol., 133, 21–27,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2017.05.003, 2017.
Brombacher, A., Elder, L. E., Hull, P. M., Wilson, P. A., and Ezard, T. H.
G.: Calibration of test diameter and rea as proxies for body size in the
planktonic foraminifer Globoconella puncticulata, J. Foramin. Res., 48, 241–245,
https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.48.3.241, 2018.
Brummer, G.-J. A. and Kucera, M.: Taxonomic review of living planktonic
foraminifera, J. Micropalaeontol., 41, 29–74,
https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-29-2022, 2022.
Carpenter, W. B., Parker, W. K., and Jones, T. R.: Introduction to the study
of the Foraminifera, Published for the Ray society by R. Hardwicke, London,
1–319, https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9133, 1862.
Cushman, J. A.: An outline of a re-classification of the Foraminifera,
Cont. Cushman Lab. Foram Res., 3,
1–105, 1927.
Darling, K. F. and Wade, C. M.: The genetic diversity of planktic
foraminifera and the global distribution of ribosomal RNA genotypes, Mar. Micropaleontol., 67, 216–238, 2008.
Darling, K. F., Wade, C. M., Kroon, D., and Brown, A. J. L.: Planktic
foraminiferal molecular evolution and their polyphyletic origins from
benthic taxa, Mar. Micropaleontol., 30, 251–266, 1997.
Darling, K. F., Wade, C. M., Kroon, D., Brown, A. J. L., and Bijma, J.: The
diversity and distribution of modern planktonic foraminiferal small subunit
ribosomal RNA genotypes and their potential as tracers of present and past
ocean circulations, Paleoceanography, 14, 3–12, 1999.
Doka, G.: Excel 3-D scatter plot, Doka LCA,
https://www.doka.ch/Excel3Dscatterplot.htm (last access: 3 August 2022), 2013.
d'Orbigny, A.: Tableau méthodique de la classe des Céphalopodes,
Ann. Sci. Nat., 7, 245–314, 1826.
d'Orbigny, A.: Foraminifères, in: Histoire physique, politique et
naturelle de l'ile de Cuba, edited by: de la Sagra, R. M., Arthus Bertrand,
Paris, France, 1–224, 1839.
Fornasini, C.: Le Globigerine Fossili d'Italia, Studio Monografico, 4,
203–216, 1898.
Gast, R. J. and Caron, D. A.: Molecular phylogeny of symbiotic
dinoflagellates from planktonic foraminifera and radiolaria, Molec.
Biol. Evol., 13, 1192–1197,
https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025684, 1996.
Hemleben, C., Spindler, M., and Anderson, O. (Eds.): Modern Planktonic
Foraminifera, Springer-Verlag, New York, United States, 363 pp.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3544-6, 1989.
Hemleben, C., Olsson, R. K., Premec Fucek, V., and Hernitz Kucenjak, M.:
Wall textures of Oligocene normal perforate planktonic foraminifera, in:
Atlas of Oligocene Planktonic Foraminifera, edited by: Wade, B. S., Olsson,
R. K., Pearson, P. N., Huber, B. T., and Berggren, W. A., Cushman Foundation
for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication 46, 55–78, 2018.
Hofker, J.: Foraminifera Dentata, Foramonifera of Santa Cruz and
Thatch-Island, Virginia Archipelago, West-Indies, Copenhagen, Spolia
Zoologica Musei Haunensis, 15, 237 pp., 1956.
Huber, B. T., Petrizzo, M. R., Young, J. R., Falzoni, F., Gilardoni, S. E.,
Bown, P. R., and Wade, B. S.: Pforams@microtax: A new online taxonomic
database for planktonic foraminifera, Micropaleontology, 62, 429–438,
2016.
Kaneps, A. G.: Cenozoic planktonic foraminifera from the eastern equatorial
Pacific Ocean, in: Deep Sea Drilling Project Reports and Publications, DSDP
16, 713–745, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.16.127.1973,
1973.
Kaneps, A. G.: Cenozoic planktonic foraminifera from Antarctic deep-sea
sediments, Leg 28, DSDP, in: Deep Sea Drilling Project Reports and
Publications, DSDP, 28, 573–583,
https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.28.113.1975, 1975.
Keller, G.: Depth stratification of planktonic foraminifers in the Miocene
Ocean, in: The Miocene Ocean: Paleoceanography
and Biogeography, edited by: Kennett, J. P., GSA Memoir 163, The Geological
Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, U.S., 177–195,
https://geoweb.princeton.edu/archival/keller/Keller-1985-GSA.pdf (last access: 28 February 2023), 1985.
Kennett, J. P. and Srinivasan, M. S. (Eds.): Neogene Planktonic
Foraminifera, Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co, Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, 265 pp., 1983.
King, D. J., Wade, B. S., Liska, R. D., and Miller, C. G.: A review of the
importance of the Caribbean region in Oligo-Miocene low latitude planktonic
foraminiferal biostratigraphy and the implications for modern
biogeochronological schemes, Earth-Sci. Rev., 202, 1–27,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102968, 2020.
Knight, R. and Mantoura, R. F. C.: Chlorophyll and carotinoid pigments in
Foraminifera and their symbiotic algae: analysis by high performance liquid
chromatography, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 23, 241–249,
https://doi.org/10.3354/MEPS023241, 1985.
Latas, M., Wade, B. S., and Pearson, P. N.: Morphometric data for a new species of fossil planktonic foraminifera, Globigerinoides rublobatus n. sp. from IODP Site U1483A, NERC EDS National Geoscience Data Centre [data set], https://doi.org/10.5285/adb5b0be-a357-4416-846f-777300d78240, 2022.
Mistretta, F.: Foraminiferi planctonici del Pliocene inferiore di Altavilla
Milicia (Palermo, Sicilia), Riv. Ital. Pal. Strat., 68, 97–114, 1962.
Morard, R., Füllberg, A., Brummer, G-J. A., Greco, M., Jonker, L.,
Wizemann, A., Weiner, A. K. M., Darling, K., Sicccha, M., Ladevin, R.,
Kitazato, H., de Gardiel-Thoron, T., de Vargas, C., and Kucera, M.: Genetic and
morphological divergence in the warm-water planktonic foraminifera genus Globigerinoides, PLoS ONE, 14, 1–30,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225246, 2019.
Pearson, P. N., Olsson, R. K., Huber, B. T., Hemleben, C., Berggren, W. A.
and Coxall, H. K.: Overview of Eocene planktonic foraminiferal taxonomy,
paleoecology, phylogeny, and biostratigraphy, in: Atlas of Eocene Planktonic
Foraminifera, edited by: Pearson, P. N., Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Huber,
B. T., and Berggren, W. A., Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research,
Special Publication 41, Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas, 11–28, 2006b.
Pearson, P. N. and Penny, L.: Coiling directions in the planktonic foraminifer
Pulleniatina: A complex eco-evolutionary dynamic spanning millions of years. PLoS ONE,
16, 1–29, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249113, 2021.
Poole, C. R. and Wade, B. S.: Systematic taxonomy of the Trilobatus sacculifer plexus and
descendant Globigerinoidesella fistulosa (planktonic foraminifera), J. Syst. Palaeontol.,
17, 1989–2030, https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2019.1578831, 2019.
Raffi, I., Wade, B. S., and Pälike, H.: The Neogene Period, in: Geologic Time Scale 2020, edited by: Gradstein,
F. M., Ogg, J. G., Schmitz, M. D., Ogg, G. M., Vol. 2, Elsevier, 1141–1215,
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824360-2.00029-2, 2020.
Riech, V.: Calcareous ooze, volcanic ash, and metalliferous sediments in the
Quaternary of the Lau and North Fiji Basins, Goeol. Jahrb., Reihe D., 92,
109–162, 1990.
Rosenthal, Y., Holbourn, A. E., Kulhanek, D. K., Aiello, I. W., Babila, T.
L., Bayon, G., Beaufort, L., Bova, S. C., Chun, J. -H., Dang, H., Drury, A.
J., Dunkley Jones, T., Eichler, P. P. B., Fernando, A. G. S., Gibson, K.,
Hatfield, R. G., Johnson, D. L., Kumagai, Y., Li, T., Linsley, B. K.,
Meinicke, N., Mountain, G. S., Opdyke, B. N., Pearson, P. N., Poole, C. R.,
Ravelo, A. C., Sagawa, T., Schmitt, A., Wurtzel, J. B., Xu, J., Yamamoto,
M., and Zhang, Y. G.: Expedition 363 summary, in: Proceedings of the
International Ocean Discovery Program, edited by: Rosenthal, Y., Holbourn,
A. E., Kulhanek, D. K., and the Expedition 363 Scientists, Western Pacific
Warm Pool, College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program), 363,
1–53, https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.363.101.2018, 2018a.
Rosenthal, Y., Holbourn, A. E., Kulhanek, D. K., Aiello, I. W., Babila, T.
L., Bayon, G., Beaufort, L., Bova, S. C., Chun, J. -H., Dang, H., Drury, A.
J., Dunkley Jones, T., Eichler, P. P. B., Fernando, A. G. S., Gibson, K.,
Hatfield, R. G., Johnson, D. L., Kumagai, Y., Li, T., Linsley, B. K.,
Meinicke, N., Mountain, G. S., Opdyke, B. N., Pearson, P. N., Poole, C. R.,
Ravelo, A. C., Sagawa, T., Schmitt, A., Wurtzel, J. B., Xu, J., Yamamoto,
M., and Zhang, Y. G.: Site U1482, in: Proceedings of the International Ocean
Discovery Program, edited by: Rosenthal, Y., Holbourn, A. E., Kulhanek, D.
K., and the Expedition 363 Scientists, Western Pacific Warm Pool, College
Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program), 363, 1–62,
https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.363.103.2018, 2018b.
Rosenthal, Y., Holbourn, A. E., Kulhanek, D. K., Aiello, I. W., Babila, T.
L., Bayon, G., Beaufort, L., Bova, S. C., Chun, J. -H., Dang, H., Drury, A.
J., Dunkley Jones, T., Eichler, P. P. B., Fernando, A. G. S., Gibson, K.,
Hatfield, R. G., Johnson, D. L., Kumagai, Y., Li, T., Linsley, B. K.,
Meinicke, N., Mountain, G. S., Opdyke, B. N., Pearson, P. N., Poole, C. R.,
Ravelo, A. C., Sagawa, T., Schmitt, A., Wurtzel, J. B., Xu, J., Yamamoto,
M., and Zhang, Y. G.: Site U1483, in: Proceedings of the International Ocean
Discovery Program, edited by: Rosenthal, Y., Holbourn, A. E., Kulhanek, D.
K., and the Expedition 363 Scientists, Western Pacific Warm Pool, College
Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program), 363, 1–43,
https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.363.104.2018, 2018c.
Saito, T., Thompson, P. R., and Breger, D. (Eds.): Systematic Index of
Recent and Pleistocene Planktonic Foraminifera, University of Tokyo Press,
Tokyo, ISBN 0-86008-280-6, 1981.
Schiebel, R. and Hemleben, Ch.: Modern planktic foraminifera,
Paläontol. Z., 79, 135–148,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03021758, 2005.
Schiebel, R. and Hemleben, C.: Classification and Taxonomy of Extant
Planktonic Foraminifers, in: Planktic Foraminifers in the Modern Ocean,
edited by: Schiebel, R. and Hemleben, C., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg,
Germany, 11–110, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-50297-6, 2017.
Seguenza, G.: Le foramazioni terziarie nella provincia di Reggio (Calabria),
Memorie della Classe di Scienze Fisiche Matematiche e Naturali della Regia
Accademia del Lincei., 3, 445 pp,
http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/89318 (last access: 11 November 2022), 1880.
Shaked, Y. and de Vargas, C.: Pelagic photosymbiosis: rDNA assessment of
diversity and evolution of dinoflagellate symbionts and planktonic
foraminiferal hosts, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 325, 59–71,
https://doi.org/10.3354/meps325059, 2006.
Silvestri, A.: Foraminiferi Pliocenici della provincia di Siena, Memoria,
II, 154–381, 1898.
Spezzaferri, S., Kucera M, Pearson, P. N., Wade, B. S., Rappo, S., Poole, C.
R., Morard, R., and Stalder, C.: Fossil and Genetic Evidence for the
Polyphyletic Nature of the Planktonic Foraminifera “Globigerinoides”, and Description of
the New Genus Trilobatus, PLoS ONE, 10, 1–20,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128108, 2015.
Spezzaferri, S., Olsson, R. K., and Hemleben, C.: Taxonomy, biostratigraphy,
and phylogeny of Oligocene to Lower Miocene Globigerinoides and Trilobatus, in: Atlas of Oligocene
Planktonic Foraminifera, edited by: Wade, B. S., Olsson, R. K., Pearson, P.
N., Huber, B. T., and Berggren, W. A., Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal
Research, Special Publication, 46, 269–306, 2018.
Stainbank, S., Spezzaferri, S., Kroon, D., de Leau, E. S., and Rüggeberg,
A.: The Planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides eoconglobatus n. sp. in a glacial–interglacial context:
IODP 359 Sites U1467 and U1468, Swiss J. Geosci., 111,
511–522, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00015-018-0304-9, 2018.
Takagi, H., Kimoto, K., Fujiki, T., Saito, H., Schmidt, C., Kucera, M., and Moriya, K.: Characterizing photosymbiosis in modern planktonic foraminifera, Biogeosciences, 16, 3377–3396, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3377-2019, 2019.
Thompson, P. R., Bé, A. W. H., Duplessy, J. C., and Shackleton, N. J.:
Disappearance of pink pigmented Globigerinoides ruber at 120 000 yr BP in the Indian and Pacific
Oceans, Nature, 280, 554–558, https://doi.org/10.1038/280554a0, 1979.
Von Daniels, C. H.: Foraminifera and oxygen isotope stratigraphy in a core
from the Lau Basin, southwest Pacific Ocean, Goeol. Jahrb., Reihe D., 92,
209–229, 1990.
Wade, B. S., Pearson, P. N., Berggren, W. A., and Pälike, H.: Review and
revision of Cenozoic tropical planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and
calibration to the geomagnetic polarity and astronomical time scale,
Earth-Sci. Rev., 104, 111–142,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.09.003, 2011.
Wade, B. S., Olsson, R. K., Pearson, P. N., Huber, B. T., and Berggren, W. A.
(Eds.): Atlas of Oligocene Planktonic Foraminifera, Cushman Foundation for
Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication 46, 524 pp., 2018a.
Wade, B. S., Pearson, P. N., Olsson, R. K., Premoli Silva, I., Berggren, W.
A., Spezzaferri, S., Huber, B. T., Coxall, H. K., Premec-Fucek, V., Hernitz
Kucenjak, M., Hemleben, C., Leckie, M. R., and Smart, C. W.: Taxonomy,
biostratigraphy, phylogeny, and diversity of Oligocene and early Miocene
planktonic foraminifera, in: Atlas of Oligocene Planktonic Foraminifera,
edited by: Wade, B. S., Olsson, R. K., Pearson, P. N., Huber, B. T., and
Berggren, W. A., Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special
Publication, 46, 11–28, 2018b.
Short summary
Planktonic foraminifera are microscopic single-celled organisms populating world oceans. They have one of the most complete fossil records; thanks to their great abundance, they are widely used to study past marine environments. We analysed and measured series of foraminifera shells from Indo-Pacific sites, which led to the description of a new species of fossil planktonic foraminifera. Part of its population exhibits pink pigmentation, which is only the third such case among known species.
Planktonic foraminifera are microscopic single-celled organisms populating world oceans. They...
