Articles | Volume 42, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-95-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-95-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
13 Sep 2023
Research article |
| 13 Sep 2023
| 13 Sep 2023
Paleoenvironmental changes related to the variations of the sea-ice cover during the Late Holocene in an Antarctic fjord (Edisto Inlet, Ross Sea) inferred by foraminiferal association
Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e statistica, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155,
30172, Venice, Italy
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, Via Santa
Maria, 53, 56126, Pisa, Italy
Caterina Morigi
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, Via Santa
Maria, 53, 56126, Pisa, Italy
Romana Melis
Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università di Trieste, Via E.
Weiss 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy
Alessio Di Roberto
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione di Pisa,
Via della C, Battisti 53, 56125, Pisa, Italy
Tommaso Tesi
Istituto di Scienze Polari – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISP-CNR,
Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
Fiorenza Torricella
Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS),
Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/c, 34010, Sgonico, Trieste, Italy
Leonardo Langone
Istituto di Scienze Polari – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISP-CNR,
Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
Patrizia Giordano
Istituto di Scienze Polari – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISP-CNR,
Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
Ester Colizza
Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università di Trieste, Via E.
Weiss 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy
Lucilla Capotondi
Istituto di Scienze Marine – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISMAR-CNR,
Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
Andrea Gallerani
Istituto di Scienze Marine – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISMAR-CNR,
Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
Karen Gariboldi
Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e statistica, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155,
30172, Venice, Italy
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This study examines environmental shifts at Edisto Inlet, Ross Sea, from 3.5 to 1.5 kyrs BP, focusing on a transition between 2.7 and 2.5 kyrs BP. Geochemical proxies and foraminiferal assemblages suggest a change from multi-year to seasonal sea-ice, likely linked to mCDW intrusion. The study integrates these data to reveal connections between mCDW, sea-ice conditions, and the Southern Annular Mode, highlighting Edisto Inlet as a key site for regional climate reconstruction.
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In order to understand the mechanisms governing permafrost organic matter remobilization, we investigated organic matter composition during past intervals of rapid sea-level rise, of inland warming, and of dense sea-ice cover in the Laptev Sea. We find that sea-level rise resulted in widespread erosion and transport of permafrost materials to the ocean but that erosion is mitigated by regional dense sea-ice cover. Factors like inland warming or floods increase permafrost mobilization locally.
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We analyzed a high-resolution marine sediment record from the Laptev Sea to reconstruct deglacial permafrost thaw events during the last 16 kyr. Using biomarkers and radiocarbon dating, we found that peaks in pre-aged terrigenous material coincided with rapid sea-level rise, indicating coastal erosion as the main mobilization mechanism. This research provides insights into past permafrost carbon release, informing predictions of future climate-permafrost feedback in a warming world.
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This study examines environmental shifts at Edisto Inlet, Ross Sea, from 3.5 to 1.5 kyrs BP, focusing on a transition between 2.7 and 2.5 kyrs BP. Geochemical proxies and foraminiferal assemblages suggest a change from multi-year to seasonal sea-ice, likely linked to mCDW intrusion. The study integrates these data to reveal connections between mCDW, sea-ice conditions, and the Southern Annular Mode, highlighting Edisto Inlet as a key site for regional climate reconstruction.
Kirsi H. Keskitalo, Lisa Bröder, Tommaso Tesi, Paul J. Mann, Dirk J. Jong, Sergio Bulte Garcia, Anna Davydova, Sergei Davydov, Nikita Zimov, Negar Haghipour, Timothy I. Eglinton, and Jorien E. Vonk
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Permafrost thaw releases organic carbon into waterways. Decomposition of this carbon pool emits greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, enhancing climate warming. We show that Arctic river carbon and water chemistry are different between the spring ice breakup and summer and that primary production is initiated in small Arctic rivers right after ice breakup, in contrast to in large rivers. This may have implications for fluvial carbon dynamics and greenhouse gas uptake and emission balance.
Eduardo Queiroz Alves, Wanyee Wong, Jens Hefter, Hendrik Grotheer, Tommaso Tesi, Torben Gentz, Karin Zonneveld, and Gesine Mollenhauer
Clim. Past, 20, 121–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-121-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-121-2024, 2024
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Our study reveals a previously unknown peat source for the massive influx of terrestrial organic matter that was exported from the European continent to the ocean during the last deglaciation. Our findings shed light on ancient terrestrial organic carbon mobilization, providing insights that are crucial for refining climate models.
Dirk Jong, Lisa Bröder, Tommaso Tesi, Kirsi H. Keskitalo, Nikita Zimov, Anna Davydova, Philip Pika, Negar Haghipour, Timothy I. Eglinton, and Jorien E. Vonk
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With this study, we want to highlight the importance of studying both land and ocean together, and water and sediment together, as these systems function as a continuum, and determine how organic carbon derived from permafrost is broken down and its effect on global warming. Although on the one hand it appears that organic carbon is removed from sediments along the pathway of transport from river to ocean, it also appears to remain relatively ‘fresh’, despite this removal and its very old age.
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Integrated micropaleontological (planktic and benthic foraminifera, diatoms, and silicoflagellates) analysis, together with textural and geochemical results of a deep-sea core from the Hallett Ridge (northwestern Ross Sea), provides new data for late Quaternary (23–2 ka) paleoenvironmental and paleoceanographic reconstructions of this region. Results allow us to identify three time intervals: the glacial–deglacial transition, the deglacial period, and the interglacial period.
Birgit Wild, Natalia Shakhova, Oleg Dudarev, Alexey Ruban, Denis Kosmach, Vladimir Tumskoy, Tommaso Tesi, Hanna Joß, Helena Alexanderson, Martin Jakobsson, Alexey Mazurov, Igor Semiletov, and Örjan Gustafsson
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Revised manuscript not accepted
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The thaw and degradation of subsea permafrost on the Arctic Ocean shelves is one of the key uncertainties concerning natural greenhouse gas emissions since difficult access limits the availability of observational data. In this study, we describe sediment properties and age constraints of a unique set of three subsea permafrost cores from the East Siberian Arctic Shelf, as well as content, origin and degradation state of organic matter at the current thaw front.
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A 6-year time series of physical parameters and particle fluxes collected by a mooring in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) suggests that the subglacial and watershed run-off driven by air temperature are the main processes affecting the lithogenic supply. As the Arctic temperature rises, glacier material will increase accordingly. The winter inflow of warm Atlantic waters is progressively increasing, hampering the nutrient supply from the bottom waters and severely reducing the biological production.
Volker Brüchert, Lisa Bröder, Joanna E. Sawicka, Tommaso Tesi, Samantha P. Joye, Xiaole Sun, Igor P. Semiletov, and Vladimir A. Samarkin
Biogeosciences, 15, 471–490, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-471-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-471-2018, 2018
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We determined the aerobic and anaerobic degradation rates of land- and marine-derived organic material in East Siberian shelf sediment. Marine plankton-derived organic carbon was the main source for the oxic dissolved carbon dioxide production, whereas terrestrial organic material significantly contributed to the production of carbon dioxide under anoxic conditions. Our direct degradation rate measurements provide new constraints for the present-day Arctic marine carbon budget.
Kirsi Keskitalo, Tommaso Tesi, Lisa Bröder, August Andersson, Christof Pearce, Martin Sköld, Igor P. Semiletov, Oleg V. Dudarev, and Örjan Gustafsson
Clim. Past, 13, 1213–1226, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1213-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1213-2017, 2017
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In this study we investigate land-to-ocean transfer and the fate of permafrost carbon in the East Siberian Sea from the early Holocene until the present day. Our results suggest that there was a high input of terrestrial organic carbon to the East Siberian Sea during the last glacial–interglacial period caused by permafrost destabilisation. This material was mainly characterised as relict Pleistocene permafrost deposited via coastal erosion as a result of the sea level rise.
Tommaso Tesi, Marc C. Geibel, Christof Pearce, Elena Panova, Jorien E. Vonk, Emma Karlsson, Joan A. Salvado, Martin Kruså, Lisa Bröder, Christoph Humborg, Igor Semiletov, and Örjan Gustafsson
Ocean Sci., 13, 735–748, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-735-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-735-2017, 2017
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Recent Arctic studies suggest that sea-ice decline and permafrost thawing will affect the phytoplankton in the Arctic Ocean. However, in what way the plankton composition will change as the warming proceeds remains elusive. Here we show that the carbon composition of plankton might change as a function of the enhanced terrestrial organic carbon supply and progressive sea-ice thawing.
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The Cryosphere, 11, 1879–1895, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1879-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1879-2017, 2017
Joan A. Salvadó, Tommaso Tesi, Marcus Sundbom, Emma Karlsson, Martin Kruså, Igor P. Semiletov, Elena Panova, and Örjan Gustafsson
Biogeosciences, 13, 6121–6138, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6121-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6121-2016, 2016
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Fluvial discharge and coastal erosion of the permafrost-dominated East Siberian Arctic delivers large quantities of terrigenous organic carbon (Terr-OC) to marine waters. We assessed its fate and composition in different marine pools with a suite of biomarkers. The dissolved organic carbon is transporting off-shelf “young” and fresh vascular plant material, while sedimentary and near-bottom particulate organic carbon preferentially carries old organic carbon released from thawing permafrost.
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Palaeoceanography and palaeoenvironment
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Julia de Entrambasaguas, Thomas Westerhold, Heather L. Jones, and Laia Alegret
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Bo Hu, Shuangying Li, Cheng Cheng, Min Li, Wei Xie, and Xing Wei
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This study conducted systematic fieldwork and sample collection for the Cambrian Furongian–Middle Ordovician strata in the northeastern margin of the South China Block to establish a conodont biostratigraphic sequence and discussed the influence of seawater depth, climate, water temperature, and ocean currents on the biogeographic zonation of conodonts and the paleogeographic implications for some conodont species.
Serena N. Dameron, R. Mark Leckie, David Harwood, Reed Scherer, and Peter-Noel Webb
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In 1977-79, the Ross Ice Shelf Project recovered ocean sediments ~ 450 km south of the present-day ice shelf calving front. Within these sediments are microfossils, which are used to recreate the history of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) and address how the ice sheet responded to past times of extreme warmth. The microfossils reveal the WAIS collapsed multiple times in the past 17 million years. These results inform predictions of future WAIS response to rising global temperatures.
Jack T. R. Wilkin, Sev Kender, Rowan Dejardin, Claire S. Allen, Victoria L. Peck, George E. A. Swann, Erin L. McClymont, James D. Scourse, Kate Littler, and Melanie J. Leng
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The sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia has a dynamic glacial history and is sensitive to climate change. Using benthic foraminifera and various geochemical proxies, we reconstruct inner–middle shelf productivity and infer glacial evolution since the late deglacial, identifying new mid–late-Holocene glacial readvances. Fursenkoina fusiformis acts as a good proxy for productivity.
Valentina Beccari, Ahuva Almogi-Labin, Daniela Basso, Giuliana Panieri, Yizhaq Makovsky, Irka Hajdas, and Silvia Spezzaferri
J. Micropalaeontol., 42, 13–29, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-13-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-42-13-2023, 2023
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Planktonic gastropods (pteropods and heteropods) have been investigated in cores collected in the eastern Mediterranean along the Israeli coast in coral, pockmark, and channel areas. The sediment spans the last 5300 years. Our study reveals that neglecting the smaller fraction (> 63 µm) may result in a misinterpretation of the palaeoceanography. The presence of tropical and subtropical species reveals that the eastern Mediterranean acted as a refugium for these organisms.
Romana Melis, Lucilla Capotondi, Fiorenza Torricella, Patrizia Ferretti, Andrea Geniram, Jong Kuk Hong, Gerhard Kuhn, Boo-Keun Khim, Sookwan Kim, Elisa Malinverno, Kyu Cheul Yoo, and Ester Colizza
J. Micropalaeontol., 40, 15–35, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-40-15-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-40-15-2021, 2021
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Integrated micropaleontological (planktic and benthic foraminifera, diatoms, and silicoflagellates) analysis, together with textural and geochemical results of a deep-sea core from the Hallett Ridge (northwestern Ross Sea), provides new data for late Quaternary (23–2 ka) paleoenvironmental and paleoceanographic reconstructions of this region. Results allow us to identify three time intervals: the glacial–deglacial transition, the deglacial period, and the interglacial period.
Giulia Barbieri and Stefano Claudio Vaiani
J. Micropalaeontol., 37, 203–230, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-203-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-37-203-2018, 2018
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The challenge between benthic foraminifera and ostracoda is open: which is the most reliable microfossil group for precise palaeoenvironmental reconstructions? Results from a lagoonal succession of the Romagna coast (Italy) reveal that the winner is ostracoda, due to their higher abundance, higher differentiation, and precise relationships between species and ecological parameters. Nevertheless, palaeoenvironmental stress and additional details are provided by benthic foraminifera.
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Short summary
A sediment core was analysed, focusing over the 2000 years, in Edisto Inlet. Benthic and planktic foraminifera were picked and used to determine changes in the faunal composition. Using other nearby cores, by comparing different proxies, we were able to identify a succession of three different environmental phases over the studied period: a seasonal-cycle phase (from 2000 to around 1500 years BP), a transitional phase (from 1500 to 700 years BP) and a cold phase (from 700 years to present).
A sediment core was analysed, focusing over the 2000 years, in Edisto Inlet. Benthic and...
