This study analyses Holocene sediments from five boreholes and the Phanom Surin shipwreck site in the Lower Central Plain of Thailand to reconstruct lithostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental change. Six lithologic units and 15 ostracod species were identified, reflecting tidal–intertidal and prodelta settings. A fining-upward succession records a shift from Early–Middle Holocene tidal flats and channels to a Late Holocene prodelta system shaped by tidal and marine processes.

We analysed Miocene dinocyst taxa and organic particle assemblages along a distal–proximal transect in the North Sea Basin. Based on distal and shallow marine successions, we reconstruct depositional changes across the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO; ~16.9–14.7 Ma) and use dinocysts as palaeoclimate proxies. Additionally, we provide five GDGT-derived sea surface temperature data points that support our dinocyst-based climate interpretation.

Diatoms are a group of algae found in the fossil record. They are used to understand past environmental conditions and to determine the age of sediment. In the Southern Ocean, the waters surrounding Antarctica, diatoms are among the few fossils found in sediments. Using material collected during International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 382, we refine the ages of diatom origination and extinction dates. This provides more detailed time constraints when using Southern Ocean diatoms.

We present a morphometric study of the calcareous nannofossil Aspidolithus across the Santonian–Campanian boundary, based on material from the Western Interior (USA) and the Tethys (Austria). The results reveal that size variation correlates with sea surface temperature. These findings have implications for the taxonomy, palaeoecology, and biostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous planktonic assemblages.

We studied a short-lived episode of major warming ~56 million years ago, often seen as a past analogue for modern climate change. We developed a scheme to correlate biological signals from this warming period across six sediment cores from the US East Coast. Based on the occurrences and distribution of organic remains of planktonic microfossils, we can correlate events in time, allowing detailed reconstructions of how climate and environments changed regionally during this extreme warming.

We studied tiny seafloor organisms along the French coast to see how their communities change with the seasons. In colder months, only a few hardy species thrive, while warmer months bring greater variety. These shifts reveal how coastal ecosystems respond to natural changes and human impacts, offering new insights for protecting and monitoring these environments.

Due to their size (< 1 mm), studying the impact of benthic foraminifera on their ecosystem can be challenging. The purpose of this article is to describe a new methodology that will lead to a better understanding, through their bioturbating activities, of the role of benthic foraminifera in marine ecosystems. It also compares this new method with the current one. We demonstrate that the new method is much more precise and quicker than the previous one.

Three flow‑through culturing systems used in lab culturing experiments were reviewed for time to reach chemical equilibrium. This time varied when molybdenum seawater concentration was doubled but not at 5-fold. Two foraminiferal growth experiments show small changes recorded between several low marine molybdenum concentrations. Greater utilization of adsorption-resistant materials in experimental design is advised when researching very low oceanic elemental concentrations of trace metals.

New fossils from Romania help to define the important geological time boundary at the base of the Anisian stage – this time interval includes the last phase of recovery of ecosystems from a major mass extinction event a few million years prior. The rocks of this age in Romania are some of the best in the world, and the new fossil collections will help to allow more precise units of time to be discerned.

In order to evaluate how long-lasting industrial metal pollution is affecting microorganism communities inhabiting contaminated sediments in the Gulf of Naples, samples were taken, analyzed, and compared to an unpolluted area. It was revealed that industrial activity caused the sediment to be highly enriched in different metals and that, consequently, the local microorganism community changed as well. This is important because the investigated microorganisms play a crucial role in their ecosystem.

Anticosti Island holds a well-preserved rock record of the Silurian, offering a unique look at chitinozoan microfossil evolution. During the late Aeronian event, we recognise the emergence and radiation of highly ornamented species, challenging the typical extinction pattern we observe in other Silurian events. This study also fills an important gap in the microfossil record of Anticosti Island, improving our understanding of this critical time. 

The foraminifer Trochammina hadai, native to Asia, has been found in the USA, Canada, Sweden, France, Brazil, and Australia coastal waters. The primary vectors of introduction include mariculture of oysters and the plant matter in which they were shipped, as well as the release of ballast water/sediment in receiving ports. Secondary introductions occur by mud attached to anchors of fishing and pleasure boats. Globally, the species has spread rapidly, impacting native species and local biodiversity.

Foraminifera are microorganisms which, due to their abundance and diversity, are often used as proxies to describe climatic changes in marine environments. For this purpose, experiments containing antibiotics that are intended to reduce the activity of other microorganisms are carried out with foraminifera. In our study, we examined the influence of antibiotics on foraminifera and tested whether these chemicals are really harmless for foraminifera or not.

This study evaluates benthic foraminifera as indicators of environmental health in Brazil’s coastal waters and tests Foram-AMBI using a regional species list and criteria for ecological quality status (EcoQS). A total of 95 species were classified into five groups based on their response to total organic carbon. Data from Sepetiba Bay and Guanabara Bay validated these groups, showing that Foram-AMBI accurately reflects ecological conditions. The study highlights the importance of regional species lists for biomonitoring.

Pulleniatina is a genus of planktonic foraminifera used in biostratigraphy. Here, we illustrate typical specimens of Pulleniatina and the likely ancestor Neogloboquadrina acostaensis from International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1488. We present a novel integration of high-definition light microscopy images, X-ray microcomputed tomography data, and scanning electron microscope images to compare the six Pulleniatina species, supporting an evolutionary model with two diverging lineages.