Journal of Micropalaeontology
Journal of Micropalaeontology
JM
Articles | Volume 44, issue 2
Articles | Volume 44, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-44-693-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-44-693-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 44, issue 2
Research article
 | 
17 Dec 2025
Research article |  | 17 Dec 2025

Deep learning accurately identifies fjord benthic foraminifera

Marko Plavetić, Allison Yi Hsiang, Mats Josefson, Gustaf Hulthe, and Irina Polovodova Asteman

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Short summary
Foraminifera are promising bioindicators in coastal environments, yet their manual identification is slow and relies on taxonomic expertise. Deep learning and neural networks can quickly recognize morphological differences. Here, fjord foraminifera were imaged, labeled, and classified in the Roboflow application programming interface, resulting in 22 138 labelled individuals. These were used to train a deep learning model, which successfully distinguished among 29 species with up to 90.3 % precision.
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Advances and challenges in modern and benthic foraminifera...